Kilometer per Second to Mile per Second

Earth orbits the Sun at an average of about 29.8 km/s (107,000 km/h). This speed varies slightly because Earth's orbit is elliptical — it moves fastest in January (perihelion) at 30.3 km/s and slowest in July (aphelion) at 29.3 km/s. You're traveling at this speed right now relative to the Sun.

Escape velocity is the minimum speed needed to leave a body's gravitational influence without further propulsion. From Earth's surface it's 11.2 km/s. From the Moon it's 2.4 km/s. From the Sun's surface it's 617.5 km/s. The Voyager 1 spacecraft left Earth's sphere of influence at about 16.6 km/s.

Primary (P) waves travel at 5–8 km/s through Earth's crust, reaching 13 km/s in the mantle and core. Secondary (S) waves travel at roughly 60% of P-wave speed. This speed difference is why seismologists can calculate earthquake distance — the gap between the P and S wave arrival times reveals how far the sensor is from the epicenter.

Meteoroids enter Earth's atmosphere at 11–72 km/s, depending on whether they're moving with or against Earth's orbital direction. The friction at these speeds heats them to incandescence — the streak of light visible as a 'shooting star'. Most disintegrate completely above 80 km altitude. The upper bound of 72 km/s is the sum of Earth's orbital speed plus the body's own velocity.

A typical high-powered rifle round (e.g. 7.62×51mm NATO) travels at about 0.85 km/s (850 m/s or 3,060 km/h). Purpose-built anti-materiel rifles reach ~1.0 km/s. Railgun projectiles in military experiments have exceeded 3 km/s. All of these are far below orbital speed — getting to orbit requires speed, not just height.

The speed of light in a vacuum is exactly 299,792,458 m/s, which converts to approximately 186,282.397 mi/s. Before the SI system was globalised, US and British scientific texts routinely used this figure. The value 186,000 mi/s appears as a rounded approximation in older textbooks. Today, physicists universally use c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s or the exact SI value.

The solar wind — a stream of charged particles ejected from the Sun's corona — travels at roughly 250–500 mi/s (400–800 km/s) depending on whether it is the slow or fast component. During coronal mass ejections, bursts can exceed 1,200 mi/s (2,000 km/s). At 500 mi/s the solar wind crosses the 93-million-mile Earth–Sun gap in about 2 days, which is why space weather forecasters can give roughly 48 hours' notice before a geomagnetic storm hits.

Yes — several. NASA's Parker Solar Probe reached about 430,000 mph (119 mi/s or 192 km/s) at perihelion, making it the fastest human-made object ever. High-powered railgun projectiles tested by the US Navy reached around 2.5 km/s (1.5 mi/s). Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) reach approximately 4 mi/s during their boost phase.

Exactly one second — that's the definition. At 1 mi/s you would cross the Atlantic Ocean (about 3,400 miles) in under an hour, reach the Moon (238,855 miles) in about 2.8 days, and reach the Sun (93 million miles) in roughly 12 days. The speed is conceptually useful for calibrating astronomical distances in imperial terms.

Rarely. The main residual use is in some US military ballistics documents and historical astrophysics references. The International Astronomical Union and NASA primarily use km/s for planetary and solar system speeds, and AU/year or c (fraction of light speed) for interstellar scales. Mi/s survives mostly in popular science writing aimed at American audiences unfamiliar with metric.